概述

为了更好的学习理解springCloud的搭建过程，在此单纯记录一下搭建过程便于理解以及日后回顾。

项目架构

1、统一依赖管理:Spring Cloud Finchley.RC1
2、服务治理注册与发现：Spring Cloud Netflix Eureka
3、声明式服务调用(服务消费者)：Spring Cloud OpenFeign
4、服务容错保护限流降级(熔断器)：Spring Cloud Netflix Hystrix
5、分布式链路追踪（链路器）：Spring Cloud Zipkin
6、网关路由代理调用（统一网关）：Spring Cloud Gateway
7、分布式统一配置中心（配置中心）：Spring Cloud Config
8、服务监控：Spring Boot Amdin

1、Spring Cloud Finchley 创建统一依赖管理

Finchley ：统一版本管理套件方便对jar 的版本进行管理

1、创建文件夹spring-cloud-dependencies

2、创建pom.xml内容如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.0.2.RELEASE</version>
    </parent>

    <groupId>com.fjhckj</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
    <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>pom</packaging>

    <name>spring-cloud-dependencies</name>
    <inceptionYear>2018-Now</inceptionYear>

    <properties>
        <!-- Environment Settings -->
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>

        <!-- Spring Settings -->
        <spring-cloud.version>Finchley.RC1</spring-cloud.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <!-- Compiler 插件, 设定 JDK 版本 -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <showWarnings>true</showWarnings>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>

            <!-- 打包 jar 文件时，配置 manifest 文件，加入 lib 包的 jar 依赖 -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <archive>
                        <addMavenDescriptor>false</addMavenDescriptor>
                    </archive>
                </configuration>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <configuration>
                            <archive>
                                <manifest>
                                    <!-- Add directory entries -->
                                    <addDefaultImplementationEntries>true</addDefaultImplementationEntries>
                                    <addDefaultSpecificationEntries>true</addDefaultSpecificationEntries>
                                    <addClasspath>true</addClasspath>
                                </manifest>
                            </archive>
                        </configuration>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>

            <!-- resource -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>

            <!-- install -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>

            <!-- clean -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>

            <!-- ant -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-antrun-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>

            <!-- dependency -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>

        <pluginManagement>
            <plugins>
                <!-- Java Document Generate -->
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                    <artifactId>maven-javadoc-plugin</artifactId>
                    <executions>
                        <execution>
                            <phase>prepare-package</phase>
                            <goals>
                                <goal>jar</goal>
                            </goals>
                        </execution>
                    </executions>
                </plugin>

                <!-- YUI Compressor (CSS/JS压缩) -->
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>net.alchim31.maven</groupId>
                    <artifactId>yuicompressor-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>1.5.1</version>
                    <executions>
                        <execution>
                            <phase>prepare-package</phase>
                            <goals>
                                <goal>compress</goal>
                            </goals>
                        </execution>
                    </executions>
                    <configuration>
                        <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
                        <jswarn>false</jswarn>
                        <nosuffix>true</nosuffix>
                        <linebreakpos>30000</linebreakpos>
                        <force>true</force>
                        <includes>
                            <include>**/*.js</include>
                            <include>**/*.css</include>
                        </includes>
                        <excludes>
                            <exclude>**/*.min.js</exclude>
                            <exclude>**/*.min.css</exclude>
                        </excludes>
                    </configuration>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </pluginManagement>

        <!-- 资源文件配置 -->
        <resources>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/java</directory>
                <excludes>
                    <exclude>**/*.java</exclude>
                </excludes>
            </resource>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
            </resource>
        </resources>
    </build>

    <repositories>
        <repository>
            <id>aliyun-repos</id>
            <name>Aliyun Repository</name>
            <url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public</url>
            <releases>
                <enabled>true</enabled>
            </releases>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>false</enabled>
            </snapshots>
        </repository>

        <repository>
            <id>sonatype-repos</id>
            <name>Sonatype Repository</name>
            <url>https://oss.sonatype.org/content/groups/public</url>
            <releases>
                <enabled>true</enabled>
            </releases>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>false</enabled>
            </snapshots>
        </repository>
        <repository>
            <id>sonatype-repos-s</id>
            <name>Sonatype Repository</name>
            <url>https://oss.sonatype.org/content/repositories/snapshots</url>
            <releases>
                <enabled>false</enabled>
            </releases>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>true</enabled>
            </snapshots>
        </repository>

        <repository>
            <id>spring-snapshots</id>
            <name>Spring Snapshots</name>
            <url>https://repo.spring.io/snapshot</url>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>true</enabled>
            </snapshots>
        </repository>
        <repository>
            <id>spring-milestones</id>
            <name>Spring Milestones</name>
            <url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>false</enabled>
            </snapshots>
        </repository>
    </repositories>

    <pluginRepositories>
        <pluginRepository>
            <id>aliyun-repos</id>
            <name>Aliyun Repository</name>
            <url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public</url>
            <releases>
                <enabled>true</enabled>
            </releases>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>false</enabled>
            </snapshots>
        </pluginRepository>
    </pluginRepositories>
</project>

3、托管pom 下载maven

2、Spring Cloud Netflix Eureka 服务治理注册与发现

eureka:分布式架构中多服务之间接口互相调用，需要记录各个服务之间的ip端口等信息，使用eureka 后可以将ip端口等交由eureka托管，服务之间访问时只需要通过服务名称进行调用即可。

1、创建服务注册中心

1、创建基础spring-boot项目

2、增加eureka依赖

     <!-- Spring Cloud Eureka Begin -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    <!-- Spring Cloud Eureka end -->

3、继承pom至统一依赖管理

    <parent>
        <groupId>com.fjhckj</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
        <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        <relativePath>../spring-cloud-dependencies/pom.xml</relativePath>
    </parent>

完整pom.xml文件如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <parent>
        <groupId>com.fjhckj</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
        <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        <relativePath>../spring-cloud-dependencies/pom.xml</relativePath>
    </parent>

    <artifactId>spring-cloud-eureka</artifactId>
    <name>spring-cloud-eureka</name>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>



    <dependencies>
        <!-- Spring Boot Begin -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-autoconfigure</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Spring Boot End -->

        <!-- Spring Cloud Begin -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Spring Cloud End -->
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <mainClass>com.fjhckj.springcloudeureka.SpringCloudEurekaApplication</mainClass>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

3、在Application中增加注解@EnableEurekaServer

4、配置文件设置

#服务名称
spring:
  application:
    name: spring-cloud-eureka
#服务端口
server:
  port: 8081

#eureka.client.registerWithEureka:false
#eureka.client.fetchRegistry:false
#表明是eureka服务端
#eureka.client.serviceUrl.defaultZone 网关注册地址
eureka:
  instance:
    hostname: localhost
  client:
    registerWithEureka: false
    fetchRegistry: false
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://${eureka.instance.hostname}:${server.port}/eureka/

5、启动eureka测试eureka网关是否能进入

3、声明式服务调用：Spring Cloud OpenFeign(服务消费者)

feign:各个服务之间的调用的封装，使调用其他服务的代码更加优雅。feign 集成了中集成了ribbon 方式调用其他服务接口，还集成了 hystrix 熔断器

1、创建服务提供者

1、创建基础springboot项目

2、继承pom至统一依赖管理

3、增加eureka依赖

    <!-- Spring Cloud Begin -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    <!-- Spring Cloud End -->

4、完整pom如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>com.fjhckj</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
        <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        <relativePath>../spring-cloud-dependencies/pom.xml</relativePath>
    </parent>

    <artifactId>spring-cloud-service</artifactId>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>spring-cloud-service</name>

    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Spring Cloud Begin -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Spring Cloud End -->
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <mainClass>com.fjhckj.springcloudservice.SpringCloudServiceApplication</mainClass>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

5、设置配置文件

#spring.application.name 服务名称
spring:
  application:
    name: spring-cloud-service
#server.port 端口
server:
  port: 8082
# eureka.client.serviceUrl.defaultZone eureka网关注册地址
eureka:
  client:
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8081/eureka/

6、增加eureka客户端注解

@EnableEurekaClient

7、创建restfull接口供消费者使用

8、启动提供者

9、通过eureka提供的服务地址访问接口

2、创建服务消费者通过feign方式调用提供者接口

1、创建基础spring-boot项目

2、继承pom至统一依赖管理

3、增加pom依赖内容如下

     <!--feign Begin-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
        </dependency>
     <!--feign End-->

4、完整pom如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>com.fjhckj</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
        <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        <relativePath>../spring-cloud-dependencies/pom.xml</relativePath>
    </parent>

    <artifactId>spring-cloud-feign</artifactId>
    <name>spring-cloud-feign</name>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!--feign Begin-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--feign End-->
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <mainClass>com.fjhckj.springcloudfeign.SpringCloudFeignApplication</mainClass>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

5、修改配置文件

spring:
  application:
    name: spring-cloud-feign

server:
  port: 8083

eureka:
  client:
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8081/eureka/

#解决使用feign访问服务提供者时找不到提供者的问题
ribbon:
  eureka:
    enabled: true

6、增加注解@EnableEurekaClient eureka客户端注解、@EnableFeignClients feign注解

7、创建消费接口调用提供者接口

1、创建FeignSerivice接口

增加@FeignClient(value = "spring-cloud-service") 注解 value 为服务网关eureka网关注册的Application名称

增加抽象方法

String helloWorld(@RequestParam("message") String message);

ps:注意增加@RequestParam否则参数会报错

抽象方法上增加@RequestMapping(value = "spring-cloud-service/hello-world", method = RequestMethod.GET) 对应提供者的接口地址

2、创建提供者rest接口调用service的方法

8、启动消费者测试接口情况

9、Feign 自动实现负载均衡测试

1、提供者中输出端口号

2、开启两个提供者提供服务端口号分别为8082：8084

3、测试结果-1

4、测试结果-2

10、Feign 中集成了ribbon 顺道测试一下

ps:其中有坑在使用ribbon时注意服务名称是要与配置文件中的spring.application.name 一致使用Feign时则可以使用eureka 网关上的application 名称

4、服务容错保护限流降级：Spring Cloud Netflix Hystrix（熔断器）

为了保证其高可用，单个服务通常会集群部署。由于网络原因或者自身的原因，服务并不能保证 100% 可用，。当对特定的服务的调用的不可用达到一个阀值时将触发熔断返回fallback的方法实现值。

1、feign 中使用熔断器

1、配置文件中开启hystrix

#开启feign 支持熔断器
feign:
  hystrix:
    enabled: true

2、创建FeignServiceImp 实现类实现 FeignService 并交由spring托管

3、FeignService @FeignClient 注解增加fallback = FeignServiceImp.class

4、测试熔断器

1、服务提供者状态正常下结果

2、关闭提供者后测试结果

5、断点后无意间看到熔断反射的堆栈信息顺道做个记录

2、熔断监控

1、feign 项目增加依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix-dashboard</artifactId>
</dependency>

2、开启注解支持@EnableHystrixDashboard

3、关闭spring-cloud-service 触发feign 熔断并进入HystrixDashboard监控页面查看结果

http://127.0.0.1:8083/hystrix

5、分布式链路追踪（链路器）：Spring Cloud Zipkin

随着服务的越来越多，对调用链的分析会越来越复杂服务的调用关系可能是这样

为了更清晰的管理服务之间的调用关系使用链路追踪

1、创建基础boot

2、继承统一管理pom

3、增加zipkin依赖

     <dependency>
            <groupId>io.zipkin.java</groupId>
            <artifactId>zipkin-server</artifactId>
            <version>${zipkin.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.zipkin.java</groupId>
            <artifactId>zipkin-autoconfigure-ui</artifactId>
            <version>${zipkin.version}</version>
        </dependency>

版本为2.12.0

完整pom

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>com.fjhckj</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
        <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        <relativePath>../spring-cloud-dependencies/pom.xml</relativePath>
    </parent>

    <artifactId>spring-cloud-zipkin</artifactId>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>spring-cloud-zipkin</name>


    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.zipkin.java</groupId>
            <artifactId>zipkin-server</artifactId>
            <version>${zipkin.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.zipkin.java</groupId>
            <artifactId>zipkin-autoconfigure-ui</artifactId>
            <version>${zipkin.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <mainClass>com.fjhckj.springcloudzipkin.SpringCloudZipkinApplication</mainClass>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

4、修改配置文件

spring:
  application:
    name: spring-cloud-zipkin


server:
  port: 8084

eureka:
  client:
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8081/eureka/

management:
  metrics:
    web:
      server:
        auto-time-requests: false

5、开启注解支持@EnableZipkinServer

6、除zipkin与统一管理以外所有的模块需要被zipkin 监控

pom中增加

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zipkin</artifactId>
        </dependency>

配置文件增加

spring:
  zipkin:
    base-url: http://localhost:8084

7、测试zipkin 追踪服务链路

6、网关路由代理调用（统一网关）：Spring Cloud Gateway

由于服务过多对外暴露的接口可能也有很多，为了统一管控使用统一网关进行代理，这样只需向外暴露一个端口，根据不同的服务名网关进行对应服务的调用。

1、gateway实现简单路由

1、创建spring-boot

2、继承统一管理pom

3、增加依赖

    <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway</artifactId>
        </dependency>

4、完整依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>com.fjhckj</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
        <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        <relativePath>../spring-cloud-dependencies/pom.xml</relativePath>
    </parent>

    <artifactId>spring-cloud-gateway</artifactId>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>spring-cloud-gateway</name>


    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zipkin</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <mainClass>com.fjhckj.springcloudgateway.SpringCloudGatewayApplication</mainClass>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

5、修改配置文件

spring:
  application:
    #服务名称
    name: SPRING-CLOUD-GATEWAY
  zipkin:
    #zipkin服务地址
    base-url: http://localhost:8084
  cloud:
    gateway:
      discovery:
        locator:
          #开启支持eureka以服务名形式调用
          enabled: true
      routes:
          # 自定义服务名称:ps:特殊名称拥有特殊作用如after_route、before_route、between_route
        - id: SPRING-CLOUD-FEIGN
          #lb:以LoadBalancerClient形式调用请求 SPRING-CLOUD-FEIGN eureka上注册的服务名
          uri: lb://SPRING-CLOUD-FEIGN
          predicates:
            #匹配get post 请求
            - Method=GET,POST
        - id: SPRING-CLOUD-SERVICE
          uri: lb://SPRING-CLOUD-SERVICE
          predicates:
            - Method=GET,POST
server:
  port: 8085

eureka:
  client:
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8081/eureka/  # eureka 服务注册地址

![](https://p1-jj.byteimg.com/tos-cn-i-t2oaga2asx/gold-user-assets/2019/5/18/16ac6e5dd1c1960d~tplv-t2oaga2asx-image.image)

6、启动gateway 网关由网关统一访问 feign 与 service 两个服务

1、网关访问feign 情况

2、网关访问service 情况

7、遇到的坑

1、gateway spring-boot-starter-webflux 与 spring-boot-starter-tomcat jar包冲突，删除下图jar包

ps:每次刷新都会出来这几个jar

解决方案： Ctrl + shift + Alt + U 找到类依赖关系pom 中排除

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
        <exclusions>
            <exclusion>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
            </exclusion>
        </exclusions>
    </dependency>

3、网关调用时要按照eureka上注册的名称而是不yml 中配置的名称为了统一将所有的yml 中配置的服务名称全部大写

2、gateway 实现简单全局过滤功能

package com.fjhckj.springcloudgateway.filter;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonProcessingException;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils;
import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.GatewayFilterChain;
import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.GlobalFilter;
import org.springframework.core.Ordered;
import org.springframework.core.io.buffer.DataBuffer;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.server.reactive.ServerHttpResponse;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.server.ServerWebExchange;
import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * 自定义全局过滤器
 */
@Component
public class MyGlobalFilter implements GlobalFilter, Ordered {

    @Override
    public Mono<Void> filter(ServerWebExchange exchange, GatewayFilterChain chain) {
        //获取参数
        String token =  exchange.getRequest().getQueryParams().getFirst("token");
        if (StringUtils.isBlank(token)) {
            ServerHttpResponse response = exchange.getResponse();
            Map<String,Object> resuMap = new HashMap<>();
            resuMap.put("status", -1);
            resuMap.put("massage", "鉴权失败");
            //转化为json 并转为字节数组
            ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();
            byte[] data = new byte[0];
            try {
                data = objectMapper.writeValueAsBytes(resuMap);
            } catch (JsonProcessingException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            // 输出错误信息到页面
            DataBuffer buffer = response.bufferFactory().wrap(data);
            response.setStatusCode(HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED);
            response.getHeaders().add("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=UTF-8");
            return response.writeWith(Mono.just(buffer));
        }
        return chain.filter(exchange);
    }

    @Override
    public int getOrder() {
        //filter执行的优先级,值越小则优先级越大
        return 0;
    }
}

gateway 更多自定义过滤方式 gateway 更多自定义过滤方式

3、gateway 实现全局熔断

1、增加依赖

    <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId>
    </dependency>

2、完整配置文件

spring:
  application:
    #服务名称
    name: SPRING-CLOUD-GATEWAY
  zipkin:
    #zipkin服务地址
    base-url: http://localhost:8084
  cloud:
    gateway:
      discovery:
        locator:
          #开启支持eureka以服务名形式调用
          enabled: true
      routes:
          # 自定义服务名称:ps:特殊名称拥有特殊作用如after_route、before_route、between_route
        - id: SPRING-CLOUD-FEIGN
          #lb:以LoadBalancerClient形式调用请求 SPRING-CLOUD-FEIGN eureka上注册的服务名
          uri: lb://SPRING-CLOUD-FEIGN
          predicates:
            #匹配get post 请求
            - Method=GET,POST

        - id: SPRING-CLOUD-SERVICE
          uri: lb://SPRING-CLOUD-SERVICE
          predicates:
            - Method=GET,POST
      #全局熔断服务为响应或响应超时触发熔断
      default-filters:
        - name: Hystrix
          args:
            name: fallbackcmd
            fallbackUri: forward:/defaultfallback


# hystrix 信号量隔离，3秒后自动超时
hystrix:
  command:
    default:
      execution:
        isolation:
          strategy: SEMAPHORE
          thread:
            timeoutInMilliseconds: 3000
  shareSecurityContext: true



server:
  port: 8085

eureka:
  client:
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8081/eureka/  # eureka 服务注册地址

主要增加

3、熔断回调接口

package com.fjhckj.springcloudgateway.controller;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * 默认熔断处理
 */
@RestController
public class DefaultHystrixController {

    @RequestMapping("/defaultfallback")
    public Map<String,String> defaultfallback(){
        Map<String,String> map = new HashMap<>();
        map.put("resultCode","error");
        map.put("resultMessage","网络连接超时");
        map.put("resultObj","null");
        return map;
    }
}

4、测试熔断

7、分布式统一配置中心（配置中心）：Spring Cloud Config

Spring Cloud Config：在分布式系统中，由于服务数量巨多，为了方便服务配置文件的统一管理，实时更新而产生的组件。

1、服务端

1、基础项目继承pom

2、pom 增加

<dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-config-server</artifactId>
</dependency>

3、完整pom

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>com.fjhckj</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
        <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        <relativePath>../spring-cloud-dependencies/pom.xml</relativePath>
    </parent>

    <artifactId>spring-cloud-config</artifactId>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>spring-cloud-config</name>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- Spring Boot Begin -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Spring Boot End -->

        <!-- Spring Cloud Begin -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-config-server</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Spring Cloud End -->
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

4、配置文件

spring:
  application:
    #服务名
    name: SPRING-CLOUD-CONFIG
  cloud:
    config:
      #仓库分支
      label: master
      server:
        git:
          # git 地址
          uri: xxx
          # 文件夹
          search-paths: xxx
          # git 账户
          username: xxx
          # git 密码
          password: xxx
          # 云配置拉取的缓存路径
          basedir: xxx



server:
  port: 8888

eureka:
  client:
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8081/eureka/

5、启动类增加注解@EnableConfigServer

6、测试文件访问

文件映射支持如下几种方式

http://ip:port/{application}/{profile}[/{label}]
http://ip:port/{application}-{profile}.yml
http://ip:port/{label}/{application}-{profile}.yml
http://ip:port/{application}-{profile}.properties
http://ip:port/{label}/{application}-{profile}.properties

2、客户端

1、增加pom

     <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>
     </dependency>

2、由于使用云配置所以配置文件修改如下

spring:
  cloud:
    config:
      uri: http://localhost:8888
      name: serviceApplication
      label: master
      profile: dev

3、测试客户端获取云配置

仓库下拥有配置文件如下

两个文件serviceApplication-dev与serviceApplication-test端口分别为8082：9082

3、遇到的坑 yml 中定义的数组形式参数被转换为

spring.cloud.gateway.routes[0].id=SPRING-CLOUD-FEIGN 之后在客户端中获取改文件时报错

Could not locate PropertySource: Error while extracting response for type [class org.springframework.cloud.config.environment.Environment] and content type [application/xml;charset=UTF-8]; nested exception is org.springframework.http.converter.HttpMessageNotReadableException: JSON parse error: Unexpected character '[' (code 91) excepted space, or '>' or "/>"
 at [row,col {unknown-source}]: [1,593]; nested exception is com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.JsonMappingException: Unexpected character '[' (code 91) excepted space, or '>' or "/>"

解决方法未知

断点跟踪至

解析下一个属性名时抛出异常

8、服务监控：Spring Boot Amdin

随着服务越来越多对于各个微服务系统的健康状态、会话数量、并发数、服务资源、延迟等度量信息的收集就成为了一个挑战，spring boot admin 为此而生。

1、服务端

1、基础项目继承pom

2、增加pom

${spring-cloud-admin.version} 为 2.0.0

    <dependency>
            <groupId>org.jolokia</groupId>
            <artifactId>jolokia-core</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>de.codecentric</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-admin-starter-server</artifactId>
            <version>${spring-cloud-admin.version}</version>
    </dependency>

3、完整pom

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>com.fjhckj</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
        <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        <relativePath>../spring-cloud-dependencies/pom.xml</relativePath>
    </parent>

    <artifactId>spring-cloud-admin</artifactId>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>spring-cloud-admin</name>


    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.jolokia</groupId>
            <artifactId>jolokia-core</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>de.codecentric</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-admin-starter-server</artifactId>
            <version>${spring-cloud-admin.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zipkin</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

4、配置文件

spring:
  application:
    name: SPRING-CLOUD-ADMIN
  zipkin:
    base-url: http://localhost:8084

server:
  port: 8087

management:
  endpoint:
    health:
      show-details: always
  endpoints:
    web:
      exposure:
        include: health,info

eureka:
  client:
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8081/eureka/

2、客户端

1、增加pom

    <dependency>
            <groupId>org.jolokia</groupId>
            <artifactId>jolokia-core</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>de.codecentric</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-admin-starter-client</artifactId>
            <version>${spring-cloud-admin.version}</version>
    </dependency>

2、增加配置文件

spring:
    boot:
        admin:
          client:
            # spring-clouda-dmin 监控地址
            url: http://localhost:8087

3、开启所有服务测试监控效果

除admin 本身外所有服务均上线

本篇完结

1、该篇总结

整套系统的搭建大概耗时一周，当然只有晚上几个小时的时间，基本上搭建的时间都在集成gateway 网关上与config 配置中心上了，学习过程中又出现很多新名例如：响应式编程、netty 等，越学感觉不会的越多.... 搭建过程中也遇到各种奇葩问题什么大小写名称啦，特殊字符啦七七八八的，不过好在系统最终还是搭起来了....

记录Spring-Cloud-Netflix搭建过程

概述

项目架构

1、Spring Cloud Finchley 创建统一依赖管理

1、创建文件夹spring-cloud-dependencies

2、创建pom.xml内容如下

3、托管pom 下载maven

2、Spring Cloud Netflix Eureka 服务治理注册与发现

1、创建服务注册中心

1、创建基础spring-boot项目

2、增加eureka依赖

3、继承pom至统一依赖管理

3、在Application中增加注解@EnableEurekaServer

4、配置文件设置

5、启动eureka测试eureka网关是否能进入

3、声明式服务调用：Spring Cloud OpenFeign(服务消费者)

1、创建服务提供者

1、创建基础springboot项目

2、继承pom至统一依赖管理

3、增加eureka依赖

4、完整pom如下

5、设置配置文件

6、增加eureka客户端注解

7、创建restfull接口供消费者使用

8、启动提供者

9、通过eureka提供的服务地址访问接口

2、创建服务消费者通过feign方式调用提供者接口

1、创建基础spring-boot项目

2、继承pom至统一依赖管理

3、增加pom依赖内容如下

4、完整pom如下

5、修改配置文件

6、增加注解@EnableEurekaClient eureka客户端注解、@EnableFeignClients feign注解

7、创建消费接口调用提供者接口

1、创建FeignSerivice接口

2、创建提供者rest接口调用service的方法

8、启动消费者测试接口情况

9、Feign 自动实现负载均衡测试

1、提供者中输出端口号

2、开启两个提供者提供服务 端口号分别为8082：8084

3、测试结果-1

4、测试结果-2

10、Feign 中集成了ribbon 顺道测试一下

4、服务容错保护限流降级：Spring Cloud Netflix Hystrix（熔断器）

1、feign 中使用熔断器

1、配置文件中开启hystrix

2、创建FeignServiceImp 实现类 实现 FeignService 并交由spring托管

3、FeignService @FeignClient 注解 增加fallback = FeignServiceImp.class

4、测试熔断器

1、服务提供者状态正常下结果

2、关闭提供者后测试结果

5、断点后无意间看到熔断反射的堆栈信息顺道做个记录

2、熔断监控

1、feign 项目增加依赖

2、开启注解支持@EnableHystrixDashboard

3、关闭spring-cloud-service 触发feign 熔断并进入HystrixDashboard监控页面查看结果

5、分布式链路追踪（链路器）：Spring Cloud Zipkin

1、创建基础boot

2、继承统一管理pom

3、增加zipkin依赖

完整pom

4、修改配置文件

5、开启注解支持@EnableZipkinServer

6、除zipkin与统一管理 以外所有的模块需要被zipkin 监控

7、测试zipkin 追踪服务链路

6、网关路由代理调用（统一网关）：Spring Cloud Gateway

1、gateway实现简单路由

1、创建spring-boot

2、继承统一管理pom

3、增加依赖

4、完整依赖

5、修改配置文件

6、启动gateway 网关由网关统一访问 feign 与 service 两个服务

1、网关访问feign 情况

2、网关访问service 情况

7、遇到的坑

1、gateway spring-boot-starter-webflux 与 spring-boot-starter-tomcat jar包冲突，删除下图jar包

3、网关调用时要按照eureka上注册的名称而是不yml 中配置的名称为了统一将所有的yml 中配置的服务名称全部大写

2、gateway 实现简单全局过滤功能

3、gateway 实现全局熔断

2、开启两个提供者提供服务端口号分别为8082：8084

2、创建FeignServiceImp 实现类实现 FeignService 并交由spring托管

3、FeignService @FeignClient 注解增加fallback = FeignServiceImp.class

6、除zipkin与统一管理以外所有的模块需要被zipkin 监控