Java学习——银行账户模拟

以下实例是一个银行账户的模拟，通过银行卡的号码完成识别，可以进行存钱和取钱的操作。

InsufficientFundsException.java 文件代码：

// 文件名InsufficientFundsException.java
import java.io.*;
 
//自定义异常类，继承Exception类
public class InsufficientFundsException extends Exception
{
  //此处的amount用来储存当出现异常（取出钱多于余额时）所缺乏的钱
  private double amount;
  public InsufficientFundsException(double amount)
  {
    this.amount = amount;//获取参数
  } 
  public double getAmount()
  {
    return amount;
  }
}

为了展示如何使用我们自定义的异常类，

在下面的 CheckingAccount 类中包含一个 withdraw() 方法抛出一个 InsufficientFundsException 异常。

CheckingAccount.java 文件代码：

// 文件名称 CheckingAccount.java
import java.io.*;
 
//此类模拟银行账户
public class CheckingAccount
{
  //balance为余额，number为卡号
   private double balance;
   private int number;
   public CheckingAccount(int number)
   {
      this.number = number;
   }
  //方法：存钱
   public void deposit(double amount)
   {
      balance += amount;
   }
  //方法：取钱
   public void withdraw(double amount) throws
                              InsufficientFundsException
   {
      if(amount <= balance)
      {
         balance -= amount;
      }
      else
      {
         double needs = amount - balance;
         throw new InsufficientFundsException(needs);
      }
   }
  //方法：返回余额
   public double getBalance()
   {
      return balance;
   }
  //方法：返回卡号
   public int getNumber()
   {
      return number;
   }
}

下面的 BankDemo 程序示范了如何调用 CheckingAccount 类的 deposit() 和 withdraw() 方法。

BankDemo.java 文件代码：

//文件名称 BankDemo.java
public class BankDemo
{
   public static void main(String [] args)
   {
      CheckingAccount c = new CheckingAccount(101);
      System.out.println("Depositing $500...");
      c.deposit(500.00);
      try
      {
         System.out.println("\nWithdrawing $100...");
         c.withdraw(100.00);
         System.out.println("\nWithdrawing $600...");
         c.withdraw(600.00);
      }catch(InsufficientFundsException e)
      {
         System.out.println("Sorry, but you are short $"
                                  + e.getAmount());
         e.printStackTrace();
      }
    }
}

编译上面三个文件，并运行程序 BankDemo，得到结果如下所示：

Depositing $500...

Withdrawing $100...

Withdrawing $600...
Sorry, but you are short $200.0
InsufficientFundsException
        at CheckingAccount.withdraw(CheckingAccount.java:25)
        at BankDemo.main(BankDemo.java:13)