CentOS 7 安装KVM和WebVirtMgr管理面板

F嘉阳
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配置静态IP

此处使用VMware 模拟服务器环境，为防止IP在启动时动态分配，需要手动配置静态IP，如果是物理服务器可直接跳过

编辑虚拟机网络

编辑 -> 虚拟网络编辑器

更改

取消勾选此项

进入NAT设置记录默认网关和子网掩码

进入虚拟机

设置虚拟机IP

查看虚拟机网卡，lo为本地回环口，实际网卡为ens33

$ ip addr
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:02:fe:c5 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
...

编辑网卡配置

$ vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33

加入静态配置

TYPE=Ethernet
PROXY_METHOD=none
BROWSER_ONLY=no
BOOTPROTO=static
DEFROUTE=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE=stable-privacy
NAME=ens33
UUID=a63224f4-f210-4d84-933d-c4f0ccd68f7a
DEVICE=ens33
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=192.168.133.128
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
GATEWAY=192.168.133.2
ZONE=public

解释

ONBOOT：开机启动

BOOTPROTO：网络分配方式，静态

IPPADDR：手动指定ip地址

NETMASK：子网掩码

GATEWAY：网关ip

DNS配置

$ vi /etc/resolv.conf

加入DNS配置

nameserver=192.168.133.2
nameserver 8.8.8.8
nameserver 114.114.114.114
search localdomain

此处仅加入第一个也可以正常使用，但无法ping通域名

修改主机名

没有需求此步骤可以跳过

$ vi /etc/sysconfig/network

加入配置

# Created by anaconda
NETWORKING=yes
HOSTNAME=localhost

重启网卡

$ systemctl restart network

查看网络信息

$ ip addr
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:02:fe:c5 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.133.128/24 brd 192.168.133.255 scope global ens33
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe02:fec5/64 scope link noprefixroute
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

静态IP配置完成

安装KVM

此处部分参考GitHub的安装指引，官方wiki也有相关的指南，不过更加复杂

GitHub安装指引

官方wiki

检测是否支持KVM

$ cat /proc/cpuinfo | egrep 'vmx|svm'
flags           : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht syscall nx pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon nopl xtopology tsc_reliable nonstop_tsc eagerfpu pni pclmulqdq vmx ssse3 fma cx16 pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic movbe popcnt tsc_deadline_timer aes xsave avx f16c rdrand hypervisor lahf_lm abm 3dnowprefetch ssbd ibrs ibpb stibp tpr_shadow vnmi ept vpid fsgsbase tsc_adjust bmi1 avx2 smep bmi2 invpcid mpx rdseed adx smap clflushopt xsaveopt xsavec arat spec_ctrl intel_stibp flush_l1d arch_capabilities

关闭SELinux，将 /etc/sysconfig/selinux 中的 SELinux=enforcing 修改为 SELinux=disabled

$ vi /etc/sysconfig/selinux

安装 KVM 环境

通过 yum 安装 kvm 基础包和管理工具

kvm相关安装包及其作用:

  • qemu-kvm 主要的KVM程序包
  • python-virtinst 创建虚拟机所需要的命令行工具和程序库
  • virt-manager GUI虚拟机管理工具
  • virt-top 虚拟机统计命令
  • virt-viewer GUI连接程序，连接到已配置好的虚拟机
  • libvirt C语言工具包，提供libvirt服务
  • libvirt-client 为虚拟客户机提供的C语言工具包
  • virt-install 基于libvirt服务的虚拟机创建命令
  • bridge-utils 创建和管理桥接设备的工具
$ yum -y install qemu-kvm python-virtinst libvirt libvirt-python virt-manager libguestfs-tools bridge-utils virt-install

重启宿主机，以便加载 kvm 模块

$ reboot

查看KVM模块是否被正确加载

$ lsmod | grep kvm
kvm_intel             183621  0
kvm                   586948  1 kvm_intel
irqbypass              13503  1 kvm

配置libvirt以启用TCP服务

LIBVIRTD_CONFIG=/etc/libvirt/libvirtd.conf
LIBVIRTD_ARGS="--listen"

同时修改/etc/libvirt/libvirtd.conf配置

...
listen_tls = 0
listen_tcp = 1
tcp_port = "16509"
listen_addr = "0.0.0.0"
auth_tcp = "none"
...

开启kvm服务，并且设置其开机自动启动

$ systemctl start libvirtd
$ systemctl enable libvirtd

查看状态操作结果，如Active: active (running)，说明运行情况良好

$ systemctl status libvirtd
● libvirtd.service - Virtualization daemon
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/libvirtd.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
   Active: active (running) since 日 2019-08-11 16:09:20 CST; 30min ago
     Docs: man:libvirtd(8)
           https://libvirt.org
 Main PID: 107953 (libvirtd)
    Tasks: 19 (limit: 32768)
   CGroup: /system.slice/libvirtd.service
           ├─105030 /usr/sbin/dnsmasq --conf-file=/var/lib/libvirt/dnsmasq/default.conf --leasefile-ro --dhcp-script=/usr/libexec/libvirt_leaseshelper
           ├─105031 /usr/sbin/dnsmasq --conf-file=/var/lib/libvirt/dnsmasq/default.conf --leasefile-ro --dhcp-script=/usr/libexec/libvirt_leaseshelper
           └─107953 /usr/sbin/libvirtd --listen

$ systemctl is-enabled libvirtd
enabled

安装WebVirtMgr管理面板

官方指南

更新源

$ yum install -y epel-release
$ yum -y install http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/7/x86_64/e/epel-release-7-5.noarch.rpm

安装依赖

$ yum -y install git python-pip libvirt-python libxml2-python python-websockify supervisor nginx
$ yum -y install gcc python-devel
$ pip install numpy

拉取源码安装

拉取源码和安装环境

$ git clone git://github.com/retspen/webvirtmgr.git
$ cd webvirtmgr
$ sudo pip install -r requirements.txt

执行安装文件并按照提示设置管理员账号密码

$ ./manage.py syncdb
WARNING:root:No local_settings file found.
Creating tables ...
Creating table auth_permission
Creating table auth_group_permissions
Creating table auth_group
Creating table auth_user_groups
Creating table auth_user_user_permissions
Creating table auth_user
Creating table django_content_type
Creating table django_session
Creating table django_site
Creating table servers_compute
Creating table instance_instance
Creating table create_flavor

You just installed Django's auth system, which means you don't have any superusers defined.
Would you like to create one now? (yes/no): yes
Please enter either "yes" or "no": yes
Username (leave blank to use 'root'): root
Email address: 123@abc.com
Password:
Password (again):
Superuser created successfully.
Installing custom SQL ...
Installing indexes ...
Installed 6 object(s) from 1 fixture(s)

发布到Nginx

拷贝文件到nginx web目录

$ cd .. && cp -r webvirtmgr/ /var/www/webvirtmgr/

创建配置文件

$ vi /etc/nginx/conf.d/webvirtmgr.conf

内容为

server {
    listen 80 default_server;

    server_name $hostname;
    #access_log /var/log/nginx/webvirtmgr_access_log; 

    location /static/ {
        root /var/www/webvirtmgr/webvirtmgr; # or /srv instead of /var
        expires max;
    }

    location / {
        proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8000;
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-for $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header Host $host:$server_port;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
        proxy_connect_timeout 600;
        proxy_read_timeout 600;
        proxy_send_timeout 600;
        client_max_body_size 1024M; # Set higher depending on your needs 
    }
}

拷贝一份副本并配置nginx.conf

$ mv /etc/nginx/nginx.conf /etc/nginx/nginx.conf.bak

写入配置

#user  nobody;
worker_processes  1;

#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

#pid        logs/nginx.pid;


events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}


http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;

    sendfile        on;

    keepalive_timeout  65;

    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;

        location / {
            root   html;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }

        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }
    }
}

重启nginx

$ systemctl restart nginx.service

配置用户组和权限

$ chown -R nginx:nginx /var/www/webvirtmgr

可能出现的报错——Address already in use

重启nginx服务出现错误，查看状态如下

$ systemctl status nginx.service
● nginx.service - The nginx HTTP and reverse proxy server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since 日 2019-08-11 12:52:42 CST; 2s ago
  Process: 26188 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/nginx (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)
  Process: 26185 ExecStartPre=/usr/sbin/nginx -t (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
  Process: 26183 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/rm -f /run/nginx.pid (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)

8月 11 12:52:40 localhost.localdomain nginx[26188]: nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
8月 11 12:52:40 localhost.localdomain nginx[26188]: nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
8月 11 12:52:41 localhost.localdomain nginx[26188]: nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
8月 11 12:52:41 localhost.localdomain nginx[26188]: nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
8月 11 12:52:42 localhost.localdomain nginx[26188]: nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
8月 11 12:52:42 localhost.localdomain nginx[26188]: nginx: [emerg] still could not bind()
8月 11 12:52:42 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: nginx.service: control process exited, code=exited status=1
8月 11 12:52:42 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Failed to start The nginx HTTP and reverse proxy server.
8月 11 12:52:42 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Unit nginx.service entered failed state.
8月 11 12:52:42 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: nginx.service failed.

解决方法：杀掉占用80端口的进程（不管是不是nginx占用的）

推荐使用fuser命令快速杀掉占用端口的进程，CentOS可通过以下命令安装

$ yum install -y psmisc

杀掉占用端口的进程

$ fuser -k 80/tcp
80/tcp:              18869 18870 18871 18872 18873

再次重启即可

$ service nginx restart
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl restart nginx.service

更新SELinux策略

$ /usr/sbin/setsebool httpd_can_network_connect true

$ chkconfig supervisord on
注意：正在将请求转发到“systemctl enable supervisord.service”。
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/supervisord.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/supervisord.service.

配置Supervisor

创建文件/etc/supervisord.d/webvirtmgr.ini

$ /etc/supervisord.d/webvirtmgr.ini

加入配置

[program:webvirtmgr]
command=/usr/bin/python /var/www/webvirtmgr/manage.py run_gunicorn -c /var/www/webvirtmgr/conf/gunicorn.conf.py
directory=/var/www/webvirtmgr
autostart=true
autorestart=true
logfile=/var/log/supervisor/webvirtmgr.log
log_stderr=true
user=nginx

[program:webvirtmgr-console]
command=/usr/bin/python /var/www/webvirtmgr/console/webvirtmgr-console
directory=/var/www/webvirtmgr
autostart=true
autorestart=true
stdout_logfile=/var/log/supervisor/webvirtmgr-console.log
redirect_stderr=true
user=nginx

启动supervisor守护线程

$ systemctl start supervisord.service

配置开启启动

$ systemctl enable supervisord.service

检查

查看端口占用，若80、8000、6080已经监听则正常

$ netstat -lnpt
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program name
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:111             0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1/systemd
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:80              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      102045/nginx: maste
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      9243/sshd
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:25            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      9543/master
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:6010          0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      16011/sshd: root@pt
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:8000          0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      102430/python
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:6080            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      102429/python
tcp6       0      0 :::111                  :::*                    LISTEN      1/systemd
tcp6       0      0 :::22                   :::*                    LISTEN      9243/sshd
tcp6       0      0 ::1:25                  :::*                    LISTEN      9543/master
tcp6       0      0 ::1:6010                :::*                    LISTEN      16011/sshd: root@pt

开放防火墙

$ firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=80/tcp --permanent
$ firewall-cmd --reload

访问web界面

访问虚拟机地址http://192.168.133.128/login/ 可见启动成功

TCP方式连接宿主机

连接成功

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