搭建Vue从Vue-cli到router路由护卫

别的不多说,开始动爪把,
首先安装vue-cli mac: sudo npm install -g @vue/cli
github:
github.com/XinYueXiao/…

1、Vue-cli基础使用

1.1 创建测试项目 vue create vue-routes

1.2 创建成功,启动项目 yarn serve

在http://localhost:8080/就可以看到欢迎👏页面了

1.3 搞点自定义配置,新建vue.config.js

const title = '双11剁手啦'
const port = '1111'
module.exports = {
    publicPath: '/wxy',
    //自定义端口号
    devServer: {
        port
    },
    //自定义变量
    configureWebpack: {
        name: title
    }
}

配置完成后重新启动yarn serve效果图

如何配置svg图标

1）准备一个svg，例如：src/icons/svg/hg.svg

2）安装loaderyarn add svg-sprite-loader

3）对config进行链式操作即可修改loader

const path = require('path')
//处理地址
function resolve(dir) {
    return path.join(__dirname, dir)
}
module.exports = {
    ...,
    chainWebpack(config) {
        //安装loader,对config进行链式操作即可修改loader、plugins
        //1.svg rule中要排除icons目录
        config.module.rule('svg')
            //转换为绝对地址
            .exclude.add(resolve('src/icons'))
            //查看配置后svg规则 vue inspect --rule svg
        //2.添加一个规则icons
        config.module.rule('icons')
            .test(/\.svg$/)
            .include.add(resolve('src/icons')).end()
            .use('svg-sprite-loader')
            .loader('svg-sprite-loader')
            .options({
                symbolId: 'icon-[name]'
            })
    }
}

4）svg rule中要排除icons目录后配置

5）添加一个规则icons配置

6）新建src/components/SvgIcon.vue模板

<template>
  <svg :class="svgClass" aria-hidden="true" v-on="$listeners">
    <use :xlink:href="iconName" />
  </svg>
</template>
<script>
export default {
  name: "SvgIcon",
  props: {
    iconClass: {
      type: String,
      required: true
    },
    className: {
      type: String,
      default: ""
    }
  },
  computed: {
    iconName() {
      return `#icon-${this.iconClass}`;
    },
    svgClass() {
      if (this.className) {
        return "svg-icon " + this.className;
      } else {
        return "svg-icon";
      }
    }
  }
};
</script>
<style scoped>
.svg-icon {
  width: 1em;
  height: 1em;
  vertical-align: -0.15em;
  fill: currentColor;
  overflow: hidden;
}
</style>

7）新建src/icons/index.js 在main.js下引入icon

//src/icons/index.js
import Vue from 'vue'
import SvgIcon from '@/components/SvgIcon'
//图标自动加载
const req = require.context('./svg', false, /\.svg$/)
req.keys().map(req)
Vue.component('svg-icon', SvgIcon)

//main.js
import "./icons";

8）在App.vue引入图标

 <svg-icon icon-class="hg"></svg-icon>

效果如下：

2、router路由守卫

何为守卫，即为阻止无身份者进入组织内部
安装yarn add vue-router 控制路由
安装yarn add vuex 存储身份认证

2.1 路由配置

src/router/index.js

import Vue from "vue";
import Router from "vue-router";
import Layout from '@/layout'; // 布局页
Vue.use(Router);
// 通用页面:不需要守卫，可直接访问 
export const constRoutes = [
    {
        path: "/login",
        component: () => import("@/views/Login"),
        hidden: true // 导航菜单忽略该项
    }, {
        path: "/",
        component: Layout,// 应用布局
        redirect: "/home",
        children: [
            {
                path: "home",
                component: () =>
                    import(/* webpackChunkName: "home" */ "@/views/Home.vue"),
                name: "home",
                meta: {
                    title: "Home", // 导航菜单项标题
                    icon: "hg" // 导航菜单项图标 
                }
            }]
    }];
// 权限页面:受保护页面，要求用户登录并拥有访问权限的角色才能访问 
export const asyncRoutes = [
    {
        path: "/about",
        component: Layout,
        redirect: "/about/index",
        children: [
            {
                path: "index",
                component: () =>
                    import(/* webpackChunkName: "home" */ "@/views/About.vue"),
                name: "about",
                meta: {
                    title: "About",
                    icon: "hg",
                    roles: ['admin', 'editor']
                },
            }
        ]
    }
];
export default new Router({
    mode: "history",
    base: process.env.BASE_URL,
    routes: constRoutes
});

布局组件src/layout

<template>
  <div class="app-wrapper">
    <div class="main-container">
      <router-view />
    </div>
  </div>
</template>

路由展示src/App.vue

<template>
  <div id="app">
    <!-- 路由 -->
    <div id="nav">
      <router-link to="/">
        <svg-icon icon-class="wx"></svg-icon>
        <!-- <svg>
          <use xlink:href="#icon-wx"></use>
        </svg>-->
        Home
      </router-link>|
      <router-link to="/about">
        <svg-icon icon-class="hg"></svg-icon>About
      </router-link>
    </div>
    <!-- 4.路由视图 -->
    <!-- 问题：router-link和router-view是哪来的 -->
    <router-view></router-view>
  </div>
</template>

<script>
export default {
  name: "app",
  components: {}
};
</script>

<style>
#app {
  font-family: "Avenir", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
  text-align: center;
  color: #2c3e50;
  margin-top: 60px;
}
</style>

2.2 准备页面

src/views/About.vue

<template>
  <div class="about">
    <h1>This is an about page</h1>
  </div>
</template>

src/views/Home.vue

<template>
  <div class="home">
    <img alt="Vue logo" src="../assets/logo.png" />
    <HelloWorld msg="Welcome to Your Vue.js App" />
  </div>
</template>

<script>
// @ is an alias to /src
import HelloWorld from "@/components/HelloWorld.vue";
export default {
  name: "home",
  components: {
    HelloWorld
  }
};
</script>

src/views/Login.vue

<template>
  <div>
    <h2>用户登录</h2>
    <div>
      <input type="text" v-model="username" />
      <button @click="login">登录</button>
    </div>
  </div>
</template>
<script>
export default {
  data() {
    return {
      username: "admin"
    };
  },
  methods: {
    login() {
      this.$store
        .dispatch("user/login", { username: this.username })
        .then(() => {
          this.$router.push({
            path: this.$route.query.redirect || "/"
          });
        })
        .catch(error => {
          alert(error);
        });
    }
  }
};
</script>

2.3 身份认证

import router from "./router";
import store from "./store";
const whiteList = ["/home", "/login"]; // 无需令牌白名单
// 全局路由守卫
router.beforeEach(async (to, from, next) => {
    // 获取令牌判断用户是否登录
    const hasToken = localStorage.getItem("token");

    // 已登录
    if (hasToken) {
        if (to.path === "/login") {
            // 若已登录没有必要显示登录页，重定向至首页
            next({ path: "/" });
        } else {
            // 去其他路由，暂时放过
            //   next()
            // 接下来执行用户角色逻辑, todo
            //   1.判断用户是否拥有角色
            const hasRoles =
                store.state.user.roles && store.state.user.roles.length > 0;

            if (hasRoles) {
                next();
            } else {
                // 2.获取用户角色
                const roles = await store.dispatch("user/getInfo");

                const accessRoutes = await store.dispatch("permission/generateRoutes", roles);

                //   动态添加路由到路由器
                router.addRoutes(accessRoutes);

                // 跳转
                next({ ...to });
            }
        }
    } else {
        // 未登录
        if (whiteList.indexOf(to.path) !== -1) {
            // 白名单中路由放过
            next();
        } else {
            // 重定向至登录页
            next(`/login?redirect=${to.path}`);
        }
    }
});

2.4 用户信息设置

import Vue from "vue";
import Vuex from "vuex";
import user from './modules/user'
import permission from './modules/permission'

Vue.use(Vuex);

export default new Vuex.Store({
    modules: {
        user, permission
    }
});

src/store/modules/user.js

const state = {
    token: localStorage.getItem("token"),
    // 其他用户信息
    roles: []
};

const mutations = {
    SET_TOKEN: (state, token) => {
        state.token = token;
    },
    SET_ROLES: (state, roles) => {
        state.roles = roles;
    },
};

const actions = {
    // 模拟用户登录
    login({ commit }, userInfo) {
        const { username } = userInfo;
        return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
            setTimeout(() => {
                if (username === "admin" || username === "jerry") {
                    commit("SET_TOKEN", username);
                    localStorage.setItem("token", username);
                    resolve();
                } else {
                    reject("用户名、密码错误");
                }
            }, 1000);
        });
    },
    getInfo({ commit, state }) {
        return new Promise((resolve) => {
            setTimeout(() => {
                const roles = state.token === 'admin' ? ['admin'] : ['editor']
                commit('SET_ROLES', roles)
                resolve(roles)
            }, 1000);
        })
    }
};

export default {
    namespaced: true,
    state,
    mutations,
    actions,
};

2.5 用户路由权限 src/store/modules/permission.js

// 导入asyncRoutes，过滤它看当前用户是否拥有响应权限
import {asyncRoutes, constRoutes} from '@/router'

const state = {
    routes: [], // 完整路由
    addRoutes: [], // 权限路由
}

const mutations = {
    // routes: 用户可访问的权限路由
    SET_ROUTES: (state, routes) => {
        state.addRoutes = routes;
        state.routes = constRoutes.concat(routes);
    }
}

const actions = {
    generateRoutes({commit}, roles) {
        // 过滤出能访问的路由表
        const routes = filterAsyncRoutes(asyncRoutes, roles)
        commit('SET_ROUTES', routes)
        return routes;
    }
}

function filterAsyncRoutes(routes, roles) {
    const res = [];

    routes.forEach(route => {
        // 复制一份路由
        const tmp = {...route};
        // 拥有访问权限
        if (hasPermission(roles, tmp)) {
            if (tmp.children) {
                // 递归子路由
                tmp.children = filterAsyncRoutes(tmp.children, roles)
            }

            res.push(tmp);
        }        
    })

    return res;
}

function hasPermission(roles, route) {
    if (route.meta && route.meta.roles) {
        return roles.some(role => route.meta.roles.includes(role))
    } else {
        // 路由定义中没有roles选项，则不需要权限即可访问
        return true;
    }
}

export default {
    namespaced: true, 
    state,
    mutations,
    actions
}