CentOS7.5安装MySQL5.7

前言

centos7是最小化安装。安装在vm虚拟机上面。关于centos7的安装请参考这里

信息统计

下载地址：dev.mysql.com/downloads/m…
软件版本：mysql-5.7.24
安装地址：默认地址，即分散安装到很多目录
配置文件地址：/etc/my.cnf
日志文档地址：见配置文件
占用端口：3306

安装

检查安装环境，卸载默认的数据库。这一步一定要执行，不然安装MySQL时会出现错误。

[root@home ~]# rpm -qa|grep mariadb
mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64
[root@home ~]# rpm -e mariadb-libs-* --nodeps
[root@home ~]# rpm -qa|grep mariadb

将下载好的mysql安装包使用filezilla上传到/opt/packages/目录下
解压

[root@home ~]# cd /opt/packages/
[root@home packages]# mkdir mysql5.7.24
[root@home packages]# tar xvf mysql-5.7.24-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar -C mysql5.7.24/
mysql-community-common-5.7.24-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-minimal-debuginfo-5.7.24-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-compat-5.7.24-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-devel-5.7.24-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-5.7.24-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-5.7.24-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-devel-5.7.24-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-5.7.24-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.24-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-client-5.7.24-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-minimal-5.7.24-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-test-5.7.24-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@home packages]# ll mysql5.7.24/
总用量 585024
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415  25398288 10月  5 2018 mysql-community-client-5.7.24-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415    280896 10月  5 2018 mysql-community-common-5.7.24-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415   3840412 10月  5 2018 mysql-community-devel-5.7.24-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415  46773880 10月  5 2018 mysql-community-embedded-5.7.24-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415  24078240 10月  5 2018 mysql-community-embedded-compat-5.7.24-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415 130082964 10月  5 2018 mysql-community-embedded-devel-5.7.24-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415   2272368 10月  5 2018 mysql-community-libs-5.7.24-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415   2116016 10月  5 2018 mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.24-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415  56029544 10月  5 2018 mysql-community-minimal-debuginfo-5.7.24-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415 173096508 10月  5 2018 mysql-community-server-5.7.24-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415  15167212 10月  5 2018 mysql-community-server-minimal-5.7.24-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415 119909528 10月  5 2018 mysql-community-test-5.7.24-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

安装

[root@home packages]# cd mysql5.7.24/
[root@home mysql5.7.24]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.24-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@home mysql5.7.24]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.24-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@home mysql5.7.24]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.24-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@home mysql5.7.24]# yum install -y net-tools perl
[root@home mysql5.7.24]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.24-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

初始化，并启动服务

[root@home mysql5.7.24]# mysqld --initialize --user=mysql
[root@home mysql5.7.24]# cat /var/log/mysqld.log
2020-03-24T13:25:15.230964Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2020-03-24T13:25:17.017911Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2020-03-24T13:25:17.269972Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2020-03-24T13:25:17.365912Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: e6f5e9e9-6dd2-11ea-a81b-000c2932737f.
2020-03-24T13:25:17.370666Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2020-03-24T13:25:17.414665Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: *.ytw&qr+3N3

*.ytw&qr+3N3 就是生成的默认的密码。

[root@home mysql5.7.24]# systemctl status mysqld
[root@home mysql5.7.24]# systemctl start mysqld
[root@home mysql5.7.24]# systemctl status mysqld

分配权限
- 为root用户设置新密码：root@2020&*(
- 创建只具有增删改查的远程登录用户test：test!@#
- 创建具有全部权限的admin用户：admin@2020!@#
- 【optional】为root用户设置远程登录权限

// 使用root登录
[root@home mysql5.7.24]# mysql -uroot -p

// 修改root密码
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'root@2020&*(';

// 创建只具有增删改查的远程登录用户test
mysql> create user 'test'@'%' identified by 'test!@#';
mysql> grant select, insert, update, delete on *.* to 'test'@'%';
mysql> flush privileges;

// 创建具有全部权限的admin用户
mysql> create user 'admin'@'%' identified by 'admin@2020!@#';
mysql> grant all on *.* to 'admin'@'%' identified by 'admin@2020!@#';
mysql> flush privileges;

// 设置root远程登录权限【未执行】
mysql> grant all on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by 'root@2020&*(';
mysql> flush privileges;

关闭服务

[root@home mysql5.7.24]# systemctl status mysqld
[root@home mysql5.7.24]# systemctl stop mysqld

修改配置文件，修改配置文件之前一定要先关闭服务。

具体可以查看MySql5.7配置文件my.cnf设置。修改后的如下：

[root@dev ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf
# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
[mysqld]
#
# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
#
# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin
#
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
# 设置表名不区分大小写
lower_case_table_names=1
# 修改默认值，以达到5.6与5.7兼容的目的
sql_mode=STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION
# 数据库默认字符集,主流字符集支持一些特殊表情符号（特殊表情符占用4个字节）
character-set-server=utf8mb4
# 数据库字符集对应一些排序等规则，注意要和character-set-server对应
collation-server=utf8mb4_general_ci
# 设置默认存储引擎
default-storage-engine=INNODB
# 设置最大连接数
max_connections=1000
# 设置client连接mysql时的字符集,防止乱码
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8mb4'
#TIMESTAMP如果没有显示声明NOT NULL，允许NULL值
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = true

启动服务

[root@home mysql5.7.24]# systemctl start mysqld

开放端口

[root@home mysql5.7.24]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent
success
[root@home mysql5.7.24]# firewall-cmd --reload
success

删除安装包

[root@home mysql5.7.24]# cd ..
[root@home packages]# rm -rf ./*

注意，不要删除错了。

测试

使用navicat连接到MySQL上面测试连接，过程略。

注意事项：

mysqld是mysql5.7的服务器进程，在初始化之前是不能启动的。

进行配置文件中的设置时，可以根据公司各自需求进行自定义设置。

安装完成之后要删除安装包。

utf8mb4字符集

MySQL中的utf-8并不是真正意义上的utf-8,它只能存储1~3个字节长度的utf-8编码，而存储4个字节的必须用utf8mb4(mysql>=5.5.3支持)，否则会出现乱码。例如在微信管理系统中，消息文本使用了emoji表情:符号，必须使用utf8mb4进行储存。 2.注意最大字符长度：以INNODB为基础，utf8最长VARCHAR(255)，utf8mb4最长为VARCHAR(191)。

要求在的mysql>=5.5.3版本，表、字段必须使用utf8mb4字符集和utf8mb4整理。

CentOS7.5安装MySQL5.7

前言

信息统计

安装

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