概述
初次接触 Dubbo
, 先跑个 Hello World
, 看看 dubbo 微服务究竟是如何运作的。下边是快速启动的完整项目。
服务接口
首先创建一个 dubbo-api
服务,用来暴露服务接口
服务接口 maven
pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>dubbo-demo</artifactId>
<groupId>cn.idea360</groupId>
<version>1.0</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>dubbo-api</artifactId>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.1</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
<encoding>utf-8</encoding>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
服务接口定义
DemoService.java
public interface DemoService {
String sayHello(String name);
}
服务提供者
服务提供方 maven
创建 dubbo-provider
服务
pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>dubbo-demo</artifactId>
<groupId>cn.idea360</groupId>
<version>1.0</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>dubbo-provider</artifactId>
<!-- 打包方式 -->
<!--<packaging>jar</packaging>-->
<properties>
<!-- 源文件编码格式 -->
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<!-- jdk编译源码版本 -->
<jdk.compile.source.version>1.8</jdk.compile.source.version>
<!-- jdk编译目标版本 -->
<jdk.compile.target.version>1.8</jdk.compile.target.version>
<!-- springframework版本 -->
<springframe.version>5.1.5.RELEASE</springframe.version>
<!-- junit版本 -->
<junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
<!-- log4j版本 -->
<log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
<!-- dubbo版本 -->
<dubbo.version>2.5.3</dubbo.version>
<!-- zookeeper版本 -->
<zookeeper.version>3.4.6</zookeeper.version>
<!-- zkclient版本 -->
<zkclient.version>0.1</zkclient.version>
</properties>
<!-- 依赖 -->
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>cn.idea360</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo-api</artifactId>
<version>1.0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- spring context -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${springframe.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- junit -->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>${junit.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- log4j -->
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>${log4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- dubbo -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
<version>${dubbo.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- zookeeper -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
<artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
<version>${zookeeper.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- zkclient -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.github.sgroschupf</groupId>
<artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>
<version>${zkclient.version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<!-- 构建配置 -->
<build>
<finalName>Provider</finalName>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.1</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
<encoding>utf-8</encoding>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
<configuration>
<archive>
<manifest>
<mainClass>cn.idea360.provider.Provider</mainClass>
</manifest>
</archive>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
在服务提供方实现接口
DemoServiceImpl.java
public class DemoServiceImpl implements DemoService {
public String sayHello(String name) {
return "Hello " + name;
}
}
用 Spring 配置声明暴露服务
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.3.xsd
http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo
http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd">
<!-- 提供方应用信息,用于计算依赖关系 -->
<dubbo:application name="dubbo-provider" />
<!-- 使用zookeeper广播注册中心暴露服务地址 -->
<dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181" client="zkclient" />
<!-- 用dubbo协议在20880端口暴露服务 -->
<dubbo:protocol name="dubbo" port="20880" />
<!-- 声明需要暴露的服务接口 -->
<dubbo:service interface="cn.idea360.api.DemoService" ref="demoService" />
<!-- 和本地bean一样实现服务 -->
<bean id="demoService" class="cn.idea360.provider.DemoServiceImpl" />
</beans>
加载 Spring 配置
Provider.java:
package cn.idea360.provider;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class Provider {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(new String[] {"dubbo/provider.xml"});
context.start();
System.out.println("服务已经启动...");
System.in.read(); // 按任意键退出
}
}
服务消费者
服务消费者 maven
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>dubbo-demo</artifactId>
<groupId>cn.idea360</groupId>
<version>1.0</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>dubbo-consumer</artifactId>
<!-- 打包方式 -->
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<properties>
<!-- 源文件编码格式 -->
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<!-- jdk编译源码版本 -->
<jdk.compile.source.version>1.8</jdk.compile.source.version>
<!-- jdk编译目标版本 -->
<jdk.compile.target.version>1.8</jdk.compile.target.version>
<!-- springframework版本 -->
<springframe.version>5.1.5.RELEASE</springframe.version>
<!-- junit版本 -->
<junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
<!-- log4j版本 -->
<log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
<!-- dubbo版本 -->
<dubbo.version>2.5.3</dubbo.version>
<!-- zookeeper版本 -->
<zookeeper.version>3.4.6</zookeeper.version>
<!-- zkclient版本 -->
<zkclient.version>0.1</zkclient.version>
</properties>
<!-- 依赖 -->
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>cn.idea360</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo-api</artifactId>
<version>1.0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- spring context -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${springframe.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- junit -->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>${junit.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- log4j -->
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>${log4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- dubbo -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
<version>${dubbo.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- zookeeper -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
<artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
<version>${zookeeper.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- zkclient -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.github.sgroschupf</groupId>
<artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>
<version>${zkclient.version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<!-- 构建配置 -->
<build>
<finalName>Consumer</finalName>
</build>
</project>
通过 Spring 配置引用远程服务
consumer.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.3.xsd
http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo
http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd">
<!-- 消费方应用名,用于计算依赖关系,不是匹配条件,不要与提供方一样 -->
<dubbo:application name="dubbo-consumer" />
<!-- 使用zookeeper广播注册中心暴露发现服务地址 -->
<dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181" client="zkclient" />
<!-- 生成远程服务代理,可以和本地bean一样使用demoService -->
<dubbo:reference id="demoService" interface="cn.idea360.api.DemoService" />
</beans>
加载 Spring 配置,并调用远程服务
Consumer.java
package cn.idea360.consumer;
import cn.idea360.api.DemoService;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class Consumer {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(new String[] {"dubbo/consumer.xml"});
context.start();
DemoService demoService = (DemoService)context.getBean("demoService"); // 获取远程服务代理
String hello = demoService.sayHello("world"); // 执行远程方法
System.out.println( hello ); // 显示调用结果
}
}
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该接口需单独打包,在服务提供方和消费方共享
-
对服务消费方隐藏实现
-
也可以使用 IoC 注入
最后
本篇纯属入门笔记。参照 官方说明 的入门 demo。大家绕道即可。