SwiftUI 实战:从 0 到 1 研发一个 App

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执行环境

  • macOS Mojave: 10.14.5
  • xcode: Version 11.0 beta 6 (11M392q)

项目信息

github: github.com/young-cowbo…

App 效果预览

页面结构设计

一共有 4 个页面 HabitListView, AddButtonView, HabitDetailView, AddItemView

数据结构设计

项目涉及到三个数据结构: HabitItem(习惯项), HabitIconArray(习惯图标), HabitColor(习惯主题)

HabitColor 主题色,保存了习惯的主题

public let UserColorArray = [
  Color(red:75 / 255, green:166 / 255, blue: 239 / 255),
  Color(red:161 / 255, green:206 / 255, blue: 97 / 255),
  Color(red:248 / 255, green:214 / 255, blue: 80 / 255),
  Color(red:243 / 255, green:176 / 255, blue: 74 / 255),
  Color(red:238 / 255, green:140 / 255, blue: 111 / 255),
  Color(red:237 / 255, green:113 / 255, blue: 165 / 255),
  Color(red:207 / 255, green:102 / 255, blue: 247 / 255),
  Color(red:77 / 255, green:110 / 255, blue: 247 / 255),
  Color(red:236 / 255, green:107 / 255, blue: 102 / 255)
]

HabitIconArray 习惯的图标库

public let IconNameArray: [String] = [
    "alarm",
    "book",
    "pencil",
    "desktopcomputer",
    "gamecontroller",
    "sportscourt",
    "lightbulb"
]

HabitItem 用来保存习惯的详细信息,这里实现 ObservableObject 协议,用来告诉 SwiftUI 这个对象需要监听,用 Published property wrapper 包装了 checkList 属性,表示这个属性是要监听的,因为它可能需要传递给子 View

class HabitItem: Identifiable, ObservableObject {
    var name: String = ""
    var iconName: String = "clock"
    var theme: Color = UserColor.color1.value
    var uuid: Int = 0

    @Published var checkList: [Bool] = [false, false, false, false, false, false, false]
    
    init () {
        
    }
    
    init(name: String, iconName: String, theme: Color) {
        self.name = name
        self.iconName = iconName
        self.theme = theme
        self.uuid = generatteID()
    }
}

UI 设置

具体代码参考仓库代码,这里讲解一个流程,新建一个“习惯”项,在 MainView 里

MainView

  ...
  @State var sheetVisible: Bool = false
  @State var sheetType: String = "add"
  ...
  ...
  AddButtonView() {
      self.sheetType = "add"
      self.sheetVisible = true
  }
  ...

AddButtonView 利用尾部闭包语法内联了一个闭包用来相应事件

AddButtonView 里定义了 onPressed 属性

struct AddButtonView: View {
    var onPressed: () -> Void
    
    var body: some View {
        Button(action: {
            self.onPressed()
        }) {
            HStack {
                Image(systemName: "plus.circle.fill")
                    .resizable()
                    .frame(width: 60, height: 60)
                    .foregroundColor(Color.blue)
            }
        }
    }
}

AddItemView 里的新增按钮点击后相应事件,把选中的数据传递 onSumit 属性回调里

struct AddItemView: View {
    @State var newItemTitle = ""
    @State var selectIconIndex: Int = 0
    @State var selectColorIndex: Int = 0
    
    var onSumit: (HabitItem) -> Void
    var onDissmis: () -> Void
    
    var body: some View {
         VStack {
            ...
            ...
            VStack {
                Button(action: {
                    if self.newItemTitle != "" {
                        let iconName = IconNameArray[self.selectIconIndex];
                        let theme = UserColorArray[self.selectColorIndex];

                        self.onSumit(HabitItem(name: self.newItemTitle, iconName: iconName, theme: theme))
                    }
                }) {
                    Text("新增").frame(minWidth: 0, maxWidth: .infinity)
                }
                ...
              }
            ...
            }
          ...
        }
    }
}

在 MainView 里,利用闭包处理回调事件新增选项

AddItemView(onSumit: { item in
    self.habitItemList.insert(item, at: 0)
    self.sheetVisible = false
  }, onDissmis: { self.sheetVisible = false })

剩下的功能大同小异,可以把代码拉下来本地运行看看效果

谢谢